1+Indians,+Europeans,+Early+Colonies

=Class PowerPoints= 8-25

8-28-11

Power Points - These are from our text, Out of Many
== == =FLASHCARD LINK= [] = = =Objectives=

** Overview **
The i**mpact of European expansion**—first by the **Spanish and French and later by the English**—is discussed in this chapter. Following the Portuguese tradition of seafaring exploration, the Spanish began the exploration of the New World in search of new lands to conquer and precious metals. Ultimately, the Spanish New World empire took root in what is now the West Indies, Central America, and Mexico, later extending northward to the American south and southwest. While both the explorer and the sponsoring nation often reaped the benefits of endless resources of the New World such as gold, silver, corn, and tobacco, they also introduced uniquely European commodities—wheat, domesticated animals, and disease, some of which proved disastrous for the Native peoples. Fish and fur played a far more significant role in French interests than silver and gold and, unlike the Spanish and English, their early relationships with natives were rarely based on conquest. Eventually, the English entered the game, seeking to punish their enemy, Spain, and break the Spanish trade monopoly with tropical America.

After reading this chapter you should be able to:


 * 1) Identify **Roanoke and its significance a**s an example of community in the settlement of North America.
 * 2) Explain the **meaning of the chapter title “When Worlds Collide,”** and list the **results of the collision.**
 * 3) Discuss the experience of the **Spanish in their New World empire**.
 * 4) Explain how **events in Europe encouraged the age of exploration and expansion.**
 * 5) Compare the **reactions of various Native American groups to European** incursions.
 * 6) **Compare the views of various Europeans toward Native Americans.**
 * 7) Explain the **difference between the village structure and agricultural societies of Native Americans and Europeans.**

= Chapter Three =

**Overview**
This chapter emphasizes the European settlement of North America. The Spanish, French, and English established settlements that would later be sections of the United States. French and Spanish settlers mixed with the Indian population when building communities more than the British did. Differences in economies, ideological outlooks, and events in England also accounted for differences between the British colonies in the Chesapeake, New England, and the South. The colonists of New England built the most vital communities. Various self-government systems were set up, but they were not democratic. Conflicting views in England, as well as rivalry with France, brought an attempt at tighter centralization of control under royal authority. Native Americans tried to use differences and rivalries to keep their cultures intact and limit their rivals. A series of wars weakened Indian control east of the Appalachians.

After reading this chapter you should be able to:
 * 1) **List the European colonies established in North America** and **compare** them in terms of **community structure.**
 * 2) **Compare the English colonies to each other** in terms of l**ocation, reasons for establishment, economy, governmental structure, and ideology.**
 * 3) Explain the various **conflicts** between **European countries represented in North America**, **between Indians and Europeans**, between **English colonies and the government at home.**
 * 4) Outline the **impact on the Indians of the different European plantings** of colonies in North America.
 * 5) Explain how various **English conflicts over religion** from Henry VIII to William and Mary partly a**ffected the settlement of North** America.

=Electronic Flashcards - add yours here!= []

=//Primary Sources//= //Primary Sources can be found in our workbooks.// //Additional Primary Sources will be given to you in class.// //Look at the Student Page online for our book (see Home Page of this Wiki) and find several online under each chapter.//

//Other Sources//
//The Founding of Jamestown// []

//Puritans and Predestination// []

Religion,Women and Families in Early America []

From the Library of Congress: America as a Religious Refuge 17th Century []

//PBS - The West Episode One// []

Cahokia
[]

=//Podcasts//= //"America Before Columbus" by Charles C. Mann// []

=//American Pageant Chapter Outlines//=







A few terms:

Colonial History (1600-1763)
1. **Separatist vs. non-Separatist Puritans** – Radical Calvinists against the Church of England; Separatists (Pilgrims) argued for a break from the Church of England, led the Mayflower, and established the settlement at Plymouth 2. **Northwest Passage** – believed to provide shortcut from Atlantic to Pacific, searched for by Giovanni de Verrazano for Francis I in the race to Asian wealth 3. **Conversion Experience** – required of members of the Puritan Church; took the place of baptism required by the Catholic Church 4. **Social Reciprocity** – society naturally punishes criminals indiscriminantly 5. **Church of England** – Protestant church led by the king of England, independent of Catholic Church; tended toward Catholicism during reign of Catholic royalty 6. **Atlantic slave trade** – often debtors sold to slave traders by African kings seeking riches; Columbian Exchange 7. **Jamestown** – first permanent English settlement in the Americas (1607), along James River 8. **John Smith** – introduced work ethic to Jamestown colony, sanitation, diplomat to local Native American tribes; had fought Spanish and Turks 9. **Pocahontas** – key to English-Native American relationship, died in England in 1617 10. **Mayflower Compact** – foundation for self-government laid out by the first Massachusetts settlers before arriving on land 11. **John Winthrop** – Calvinist, devised concept of “city on a hill” (“A Model of Christian Charity”); founded highly successful towns in Massachusetts Bay 12. **“City on a Hill”** – exemplary Christian community, rich to show charity, held to Calvinistic beliefs 13. **Indentured servants** – settlers to pay the expenses of a servant’s voyage and be granted land for each person they brought over; headright system 14. **Maryland Act of Religious Toleration (1649)** – mandated the toleration of all Christian denominations in Maryland, even though Maryland was founded for Catholics (but majority was protestant) 15. **James I, Charles I** – reluctant to give colonists their own government, preferred to appoint royal governors 16. **William Penn and the Quakers** – settled in Pennsylvania, believed the “Inner Light” could speak through any person and ran religious services without ministers 17. **Roger Williams** – challenged New Englanders to completely separate Church from State, as the State would corrupt the church 18. **Anne Hutchinson** – challenged New England Calvinist ministers’ authority, as they taught the good works for salvation of Catholicism 19. **The Half-Way Covenant** – New Englanders who did not wish to relate their conversion experiences could become half-way saints so that their children would be able to have the opportunity to be saints 20. **Bacon’s Rebellion** – rebels felt the governor of Virginia failed to protect the frontier from the Native Americans